Moving through Normandy, he turned north and was engaged by the Philip VI's army at Crecy on August 26. Thank you for subscribing to HistoryExtra, you now have unlimited access. Edward was using the very same troop formation that had won him his success at Halidon Hill against the Scots back in 1333 CE. Topics

King Edward’s army attempted to overcome their numerical disadvantage by taking a defensive position on a small rise overlooking the River Maie. Exactly why he was known as the Black Prince is a matter of debate. The pile of dead and wounded men and horses in front of the English position grew ever larger, adding to the difficulties faced by the French when they tried to charge.King Philip himself fought bravely. It was only on the following day, when the heralds had collected up and counted the heraldic coats of the French dead, that the true scale of the English victory was revealed.As well as an unspecified number of common soldiers, over 1,500 men of knightly rank and higher had been slain, including the King’s brother the Count of Alençon, the Count of Flanders, the Duke of Lorraine, the King of Majorca and the brave old king of Bohemia. Philip hurried them forward to soften up the English, before his armoured knights launched what he was sure would be an unstoppable charge.These crossbowmen were well-trained professionals who knew their business, but in the rush to get to attack the English, their pavises (the large shields they sheltered behind while reloading) had been left behind with the baggage. From Crecy, Edward marched on to Calais, which surrendered to him in 1347. The battle was fought on 26 August 1346 near Crécy, in northern France. Jean le Bel, a contemporary Flemish chronicler, described their plight: “Some leapt backwards stung to madness, some reared hideously, some turned their rear quarters towards the enemy, others merely let themselves fall to the ground, and their riders could do nothing about it.”Even so, many of the French men-at-arms did manage to close with the Prince of Wales’s division, where a brief but fierce battle developed. One French chronicler claimed that the Count of Alençon actually managed to grab hold of the Prince of Wales’s banner before he was cut down and his men driven back, leaving hundreds of fallen men and horses littering the ground.The French soon tried again. Sir Godfrey called for reinforcements but, according to the medieval chronicler Jean Froissart (c. 1337 - c. 1405 CE), As so many of the French nobility were cut down and the army’s leadership eliminated, so the superior numbers of French infantry became only academic, there was nobody left to command them. One account claims that Philip shouted, “Quick now, kill all that rabble, they are only getting in our way!” All order was lost as the proud French knights pushed and hacked their way through the despised foot soldiers. Without their pavises for shelter, the hapless mercenaries were sitting ducks.The eldest son of Edward III, Edward of Woodstock was one of the most successful commanders of the Hundred Years’ War. The result was utter confusion.While some of the French knights managed to find a way through the mob of retreating men, many simply trampled them to the ground.

If you subscribe to BBC History Magazine Print or Digital Editions then you can unlock 10 years’ worth of archived history material fully searchable by Topic, Location, Period and Person. Events Edward (who may well have seen that the Earl of Northampton had already sent some of his division to help the Prince) famously dismissed the request, saying: “Tell them that my orders are to let the boy win his spurs, for I wish the day to be his.” He later quietly sent the Bishop of Durham with 20 knights to his son’s assistance, but when they arrived, they found the Prince and his companions resting on their swords; they had driven back the French attack.The French would make as many as 13 more attacks before the day was done, but they were made in piecemeal fashion by troops as they arrived on the battlefield, and were all either dispersed by the arrows of Edward’s archers or repulsed by his men-at-arms. Some historians put Edward’s army at 15,000 men. People He was also one of the most experienced.

As the Genoese bent down to begin the relatively lengthy business of reloading their crossbows, the English archers took one pace forward and began to shoot. Then, to prepare for a field campaign in French territory, Edward III’s eldest son, Edward of Woodstock, aka Edward the Black Prince, was charged with torching as many French towns and villages as he could along the Seine Valley through July 1346 CE.



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