This now made the Roman Catholic Church an enemy of the French Revolution. Indeed, his Civil Code, although harsh, was perhaps no worse than the laws passed by the Terror government.
Led by Robespierre, they captured King Louis XVI and his wife, Marie-Antoinette, sentencing them both to death by guillotine.After the death of King Louis XVI, the new French state went to war with various European powers, including Britain, due to longstanding political and historical grievances and Austria due to the accusation by some radical French legislators that counterrevolutionaries were assembling in Austria and preparing to mount an offensive in France.In June 1793, the Girondists were defeated, and the Jacobins took control. Chapter 12 Identifications (Spielvogel) Chapter 13: European Society in the Age of the Renaissance; It also offers a good case study for the interrelationship between ideology and politics. AP European History: The French Revolution Chapter Exam Instructions. Read on to understand the political rivalries that divided Revolutionary France!By this time, the Revolution was divided.
Have students "fix" the crown's financial crisis.Students may very well ask how to proceed with their debate, much as did the Estates-General itself. They believed that France should recognize the equal rights of all, but that free markets and freedom were the promise of what should become new, Republican France.The Jacobins, to keep the support of the sans-culottes, promised equality in an economic sense. Opening of the Estates_General Jun 17, 1789. Exhausted by blood, on August 22nd, 1795, what was left of the National Convention adopted a new constitution. Have them debate the merits and failings of specific aspects of the Abolition of Feudalism, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. Hopefully, students will find the only way to agree as to procedure will be through uniting the three separate estates into one group.Have students write an essay analyzing Sieyes's "What Is the Third Estate?" Unlike in Britain, where the emergence of a Constitutional Monarchy allowed the country to develop largely free of bloody revolution, in August of 1792 French history took a violent, bloody turn.
They called for the regulation of prices and wages, promised bread to all, and advocated seizing of property and its distribution amongst the poor. The French population believed that French defeat would lead to the restoration of the old regime. In the end, Napoleon did not look much different than the absolute monarchs of the pre-Revolution period. In September of 1794, Robespierre himself was executed by the guillotine, effectively ending the Reign Of Terror he had instituted.What happened next, you ask? Napoléon Bonaparte makes the "Great Retreat" to Frace, after his defeat against the Russian forces. Finally, by focusing on these issues specifically, this lesson should help prepare students for the study of the politics and ideologies of the nineteenth century, especially liberalism, conservatism, and socialism, all of which have connections to the political philosophy of the French Revolution.To explain the collapse of absolutism in France and the consequences of the political vacuum created by its downfall for the course of the Revolution.To be able to describe and contrast the two competing ideologies by which French revolutionaries reconstituted France as a nation, rather than a kingdom, and individuals as citizens instead of subjects.To comprehend and analyze interpretations of the causes of the Reign of Terror as either the creation of specific political circumstances or as the logical consequence of the ideologies of the early Revolution.To be able to interpret products of revolutionary political culture, such as written and visual political propaganda, as tools in understanding political ideology.While it will be important to explain the various aspects of the pre-Revolution period, such as the financial crisis of the monarchy and the division of French society into distinct orders of clergy, nobility, and commoners, this lesson plan relies heavily on an understanding of Enlightenment philosophy.The eighteenth-century philosophical movement known as the Enlightenment challenged both the social order and absolute monarchy by questioning the assumptions on which these institutions were based.
Though in many ways, France was uniting in a new, secular culture, there were deep political divisions.
This invited other European monarchs to put the King of France in a condition to strengthen its monarchial government and the French nation.
Thank you for your patience!